Pap smear is an alternative name for Cervical Smear Test. It is a procedure carried out to detect cancerous and pre-cancerous cell changes in the cervix. Cervical smear test is also used to diagnose viral infections of the urinogenital system and sexually transmitted diseases. After a minimum of three consecutive normal test results, the Pap test may be performed.

Procedure : A speculum is inserted into the vagina and cervical cells are removed, using a spatula or swab and transferred to a glass slide before being sent for laboratory analysis. The results are normally available after 6 weeks. The woman should not be menstruating or have sperm present in the vagina from recent sexual intercourse. A result with mild dysplasia (dysplasia in women normally refers to abnormalities in the cells of the cervix and uterus) means there is some infection present and regular smear tests are needed. A positive test indicates there are some cell changes that need further investigation but do not necessarily indicate a cancerous or pre-cancerous condition. A colposcopy (a technique for examining the cervix and vagina) and possibly a biopsy may be needed, and if cancerous cells are found, treatment for cervical cancer begins.

Age for testing
Pap test can be carried out every 3 years from becoming sexually active or from age 20.